In 1914 the English Egyptologist, Sir William Flinders Petrie, (1853-1942), published a paper on the earliest known hieroglyphs. His purpose was to show what the construction and the general sense of the inscriptions on primitive stone cylinder seals were by means of comparison and statistical grouping. Linguistically he considered them scarcely intelligible, and used the Pyramid Texts (13C) as a basis expecting differences in the grammar, uses of writing, and words. He made hand-drawn copies of 72 of the cylinder inscriptions which were divided into eight classes. Each class contains a number of seals. Sir Flinders Petrie classified this group of six cylinders as incorporating funereal inscriptions of personal names and phrases 'complimentary to the deceased person'. For example, No. 59 reads: ???weetness of wind of Duat??- interpreted as a wish for the future life.

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